func_get_arg
How to create a polymorphic/"overloaded" function
<?php
function select()
{
$t = '';
$args = func_get_args();
foreach ($args as &$a) {
$t .= gettype($a) . '|';
$a = mysql_real_escape_string($a);
}
if ($t != '') {
$t = substr($t, 0, - 1);
}
$sql = '';
switch ($t) {
case 'integer':
// search by ID
$sql = "id = {$args[0]}";
break;
case 'string':
// search by name
$sql = "name LIKE '%{$args[0]}%'";
break;
case 'string|integer':
// search by name AND status
$sql = "name LIKE '%{$args[0]}%' AND status = {$args[1]}";
break;
case 'string|integer|integer':
// search by name with limit
$sql = "name LIKE '%{$args[0]}%' LIMIT {$args[1]},{$args[2]}";
break;
default:
// :P
$sql = '1 = 2';
}
return mysql_query('SELECT * FROM table WHERE ' . $sql);
}
$res = select(29); // by ID
$res = select('Anderson'); // by name
$res = select('Anderson', 1); // by name and status
$res = select('Anderson', 0, 5); // by name with limit
?>
func_get_args
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
func_get_args — Returns an array comprising a function's argument list
Descrierea
array func_get_args
( void
)
Gets an array of the function's argument list.
This function may be used in conjunction with func_get_arg() and func_num_args() to allow user-defined functions to accept variable-length argument lists.
Valorile întroarse
Returns an array in which each element is a copy of the corresponding member of the current user-defined function's argument list.
Istoria schimbărilor
| Versiunea | Descriere |
|---|---|
| 5.3.0 | This function can now be used in parameter lists. |
Erori/Excepţii
Generates a warning if called from outside of a user-defined function.
Exemple
Example #1 func_get_args() example
<?php
function foo()
{
$numargs = func_num_args();
echo "Number of arguments: $numargs<br />\n";
if ($numargs >= 2) {
echo "Second argument is: " . func_get_arg(1) . "<br />\n";
}
$arg_list = func_get_args();
for ($i = 0; $i < $numargs; $i++) {
echo "Argument $i is: " . $arg_list[$i] . "<br />\n";
}
}
foo(1, 2, 3);
?>
Note
Notă: Deoarece această funcţie îşi determină detaliile parametrilor în dependenţă de circumstanţă, ea nu poate fi utilizată în calitate de parametru-funcţie. Dacă trebuie transmisă această valoare, atunci rezultatele trebuie atribuite unei variabile, şi această variabilă trebuie transmisă.
Notă: This function returns a copy of the passed arguments only, and does not account for default (non-passed) arguments.
add a note
User Contributed Notesfunc_get_args
anderson at francotecnologia dot com
27-Aug-2008 09:25
27-Aug-2008 09:25
kangaroo232002 at yahoo dot co dot uk
27-Aug-2008 12:25
27-Aug-2008 12:25
Instead of having to define your arg list twice, and keeping to the good style of initialising your variables in the head of your class, you can use (PHP5):
<?php
class myclass {
public $value = null;
public $key = null;
public $column = null;
public $table = null;
public function __construct() {
$vars = get_class_vars();
for($i=0; $i<func_num_args();$i++) {
$this->${$vars[$i]}=func_get_arg($i);
}
}
}
?>
which should allow you to set variables while retaining their default values if they are not set (in this case, null), without having to mess around with functions to retain default values so is much neater (just don't change the order you declare your vars!)
<?php
//usage
$c = new myclass("value", "tablekey", "tablecol", "table");
echo $c->key;
//prints 'tablekey'
?>
kentfredric at gmail dot com
01-Jun-2008 08:55
01-Jun-2008 08:55
Re This Note:
Note: Because this function depends on the current scope to determine parameter details, it cannot be used as a function parameter. If this value must be passed, the results should be assigned to a variable, and that variable should be passed.
And In reply to ario [a] mail [dot] utexas [dot] edu
It would appear the code posted by ario is now in fact valid. ( 5.2.6-pl1-gentoo )
And in fact, the following code works perfectly.
<?php
function foo( $a, $b=null , $c=null )
{
var_export(array($a,$b,$c));
}
function bar()
{
foo( func_get_args() );
}
bar( 4,1,2 );
?>
and so does
<?php
foo( func_get_args() , 1, 2, 3);
?>
It seems the magic is bound to position 1 to let it through.
<?php
function get($a){ return $a; }
function foo(){
var_dump('bar', func_get_args()); // not works
var_dump('bar', get( func_get_args()) ); // not this either
var_dump(func_get_args(),'bar' ); // this works
var_dump(get(func_get_args()),'bar'); // as does this.
}?>
Cool trick that results.
<?php
function cufa( $args, $func ){ return call_user_func_array( $func, $args ); }
function bar( $a, $b, $c,$d )
{
var_dump( $a, $b, $c, $d );
}
function foo(){ return cufa(func_get_args(), 'bar' ); }
function baz(){ return cufa(array_merge(func_get_args(),array('baz')), 'bar' ); }
?>
foo( 1,2,3 );
int(1)
int(2)
int(3)
NULL
baz( 3,2,1 );
int(3)
int(2)
int(1)
string(3) "baz"
Anonymous
29-Jan-2008 06:11
29-Jan-2008 06:11
I use the following concept for quick "plugin" of multiple argument support.
<?php
function increment($n) {
$p = func_get_args();
if (count($p) > 1) {
return array_map(__FUNCTION__, $p);
}
$n =& $p[0];
return ++$n;
}
list($two, $three, $four) = increment(1,2,3);
?>
tristan dot colombo at laposte dot net
18-Oct-2007 11:03
18-Oct-2007 11:03
In order to use the function 'func_get_args()' to instanciate differents type of objects, you must use the Reflection API.
By example, we have two different classes and we want to have an unique function (using an unfixed number of parameters) to create the objects. We create two classes 'a' and 'b' where constructors accept different numbers of arguments.
Class a (class/a.class.php):
<?php
include_once 'a.class.php';
class b extends a
{
private $param3;
public function __construct($a, $b, $c)
{
$this->param1 = $a;
$this->param2 = $b;
$this->param3 = $c;
}
public function display()
{
echo $this->param1 . ', ' . $this->param2 . ' and ' . $this->param3 . '!<br />';
}
}
?>
Class b (class/b.class.php):
<?php
class a
{
private $param1;
private $param2;
public function __construct($a, $b)
{
$this->param1 = $a;
$this->param2 = $b;
}
public function display()
{
echo $this->param1 . ' and ' . $this->param2 . '<br />';
}
}
?>
Main program :
<?php
function classFactory()
{
// Retrieve arguments list
$_args = func_get_args();
// Delete the first argument which is the class name
$_className = array_shift($_args);
// Include the requested class
include_once 'class/' . $_className . '.class.php';
// Create Reflection object
// See : http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.reflection.php
$_reflection = new ReflectionClass($_className);
// Use the Reflection API
return $_reflection->newInstanceArgs($_args);
}
$a = classFactory('a', 'hello', 'world');
$b = classFactory('b', 'that\'s', 'all', 'folks');
$a->display();
$b->display();
?>
gerry+phpnet at buzka dot com
20-Sep-2007 05:40
20-Sep-2007 05:40
If you were having trouble understanding the func_get_default_args() function below, this example should make things more clear. The author of the function could have written it like func_get_expected_default_args() but that doesn't account for args which were passed but not specified in the param list.
example:
<?php
function func_get_expected_default_args($a) {
// Grab the list of expected arguments.
return func_get_args();
}
function func_get_default_args($a) {
// Grab the list of expected arguments.
$args = array_slice(func_get_args(), 1);
// Append any unexpected agruments that may have been also passed
// to the function, but were not in the param list.
return array_merge($args, array_slice($a, count($args)));
}
function foo($bar=5, $foobar=3){
$args = func_get_expected_default_args2($bar, $foobar);
echo 'expected args: '. print_r($args, true);
$args = func_get_default_args(func_get_args(), $bar, $foobar);
echo 'all args: '. print_r($args, true);
}
foo(20);
foo(20, 95, 'unexpected', 'variables');
/*
Output:
expected args: Array
(
[0] => 20
[1] => 3
)
all args: Array
(
[0] => 20
[1] => 3
)
expected args: Array
(
[0] => 20
[1] => 95
)
all args: Array
(
[0] => 20
[1] => 95
[2] => unexpected
[3] => variables
)
*/
?>
Sinured
20-Aug-2007 03:38
20-Aug-2007 03:38
It may seem obvious, but if you want your variadic function to at least require one parameter, you can do this instead of checking func_num_args() == 0, which I've seen often:
<?php
function variadic($dummy) {
$args = func_get_args();
foreach ($args as $arg) {
echo "$arg<br />\n";
}
}
?>
func_get_args() fetches ALL passed parameters, not only those that weren't copied to a local variable.
ario [a] mail [dot] utexas [dot] edu
08-May-2007 12:50
08-May-2007 12:50
"Because this function depends on the current scope to determine parameter details, it cannot be used as a function parameter. If you must pass this value, assign the results to a variable, and pass the variable."
This means that the following code generates an error:
<?php
function foo($list)
{
echo implode(', ', $list);
}
function foo2()
{
foo(func_get_args());
}
foo2(1, 2, 3);
?>
However, you can easily get around this by doing the following:
<?php
function foo($list)
{
echo implode(', ', $list);
}
function foo2()
{
foo($args = func_get_args());
}
foo2(1, 2, 3);
?>
This captures the context from foo2(), making this legal. You get the expected output:
"1, 2, 3"
jmcguire81 [at] gmail.com
22-Mar-2007 12:13
22-Mar-2007 12:13
Here is another variation on accepting a variable number of arguments. This allows for a variable number of arguments to be passed to a Class constructor, as well as a customized class version to be used dynamically. Syntax in code is:
<?php
$mail = Generator("MailClassName", $db_ref);
function Generator() {
$numargs = func_num_args();
$classname = func_get_arg(0);
$argstring='';
if ($numargs > 1) {
$arg_list = func_get_args();
for ($x=1; $x<$numargs; $x++) {
$argstring .= '$arg_list['.$x.']';
if ($x != $numargs-1) $argstring .= ',';
}
}
if (class_exists("Custom{$classname}")) {
$classname = "Custom{$classname}";
if ($argstring) return eval("return new $classname($argstring);");
return new $classname;
}
if ($argstring) return eval("return new $classname($argstring);");
return new $classname;
}
?>
Hope this is of use to someone.
rafagd at gmail dot com
13-Feb-2007 06:53
13-Feb-2007 06:53
Sometimes, you may need to dynamic set and get of args...
This function merge array args, so you can dynamic set some args by sending an array arg.
<?php
function dynamicArgs(/*$arg1, $arg2...$argN*/) {
$args = func_get_args(); $num = func_num_args();
for ($i = 1; $i < $num; $i++) {
$args[0] = array_merge((array) $args[0], (array) $args[$i]);
}
return $args[0];
}
var_dump(dynamicArgs('a',array('b','c'),'d',1);
?>
This should output like:
array(5) {
[0]=>
string(1) "a"
[1]=>
string(1) "b"
[2]=>
string(1) "c"
[3]=>
string(1) "d"
[4]=>
int(1)
}
01-Nov-2006 08:26
Same idea as below, but this:
<?php
foreach( $args as $k => $v ){
switch($k){
case 'a':
$this->a= $v; break;
case 'b':
$this->b= $v; break;
case 'c':
$this->c= $v; break;
}
}
?>
can be shortened to this (as long as all public variables have default values set in their declarations):
<?php
foreach( $args as $k=>$v)
if(isset($this->$k)) $this->$k = $v;
?>
kidekat
01-Oct-2006 04:02
01-Oct-2006 04:02
To pass named arguments in a Perl fashion through class constructors, I use this:
<?php
class Test{
// set class defaults for values not assigned by constructor
public $a = 0;
public $b = 'string';
public $c = array();
public function __construct( $args = array() ) {
// parse tagged arguments in Perl fashion
foreach( $args as $k => $v ){
switch($k){
case 'a':
$this->a= $v; break;
case 'b':
$this->b= $v; break;
case 'c':
$this->c= $v; break;
}
}
}
}
$t = new Test( array( 'b'=>'new value', 'c'=>array(1,'test') ) );
?>
This allows $a to keep its default of 0, while $b gets reassigned to 'new value' and $c becomes the array(1,'test'). The catch is that you add O(n^2) "big-O notation" to the begging of every class constructor which becomes expensive on "larger" classes. While arguments defaults like the following have only O(n) "constant" amount of work.
<?php
public funciton __construct( $a=0, $b='string', $c=array()){ ... }
?>
bew
31-Mar-2006 06:55
31-Mar-2006 06:55
A more concise way of expressing my idea from the previous post (I'd forgotten about array_slice()):
<?php
function func_get_default_args($a) {
$args = array_slice(func_get_args(), 1);
return array_merge($args, array_slice($a, sizeof($args)));
}
function foo($a = 1, $b = 2, $c = 3) {
print_r(func_get_default_args(func_get_args(), $a, $b, $c));
}
// prints: Array ( [0] => a [1] => b [2] => 3 )
foo('a', 'b');
?>
Nathan Ostgard
06-Dec-2005 08:14
06-Dec-2005 08:14
If you're using PHP5, the variable number of argument functions all return the objects by reference - and not a copy of the object, as this leads you to believe.
robert at defore dot st
15-Feb-2005 10:47
15-Feb-2005 10:47
<?php
# Another attempt at named args (perl-inspired):
# list_to_assoc('key', 'value', 'key', 'value', ...) =>
# pairs[]
function list_to_assoc() {
$list = func_get_args();
$assoc = array();
while ($list and count($list) > 1) {
$assoc[array_shift($list)] = array_shift($list);
}
if ($list) { $assoc[] = $list[0]; }
return $assoc;
}
# Usage:
function example($required) {
$args = func_get_args(); array_shift($args); # drop 'required'
$rest = list_to_assoc($args);
echo "$required\n" . $rest['comment'];
}
?>
example("This is required...",
'comment', 'this is not.'); # this is like 'comment' => 'this is not'
T.M.
04-Nov-2004 05:24
04-Nov-2004 05:24
Simple function to calculate average value using dynamic arguments:
<?php
function average(){
return array_sum(func_get_args())/func_num_args();
}
print average(10, 15, 20, 25); // 17.5
?>
volte6 at drunkduck dot com
01-Oct-2004 12:54
01-Oct-2004 12:54
For those who have a use for a C style enum() function:
<?php
//*******************************************
// void enum();
// enumerates constants for unique values guarenteed.
function enum()
{
$i=0;
$ARG_ARR = func_get_args();
if (is_array($ARG_ARR))
{
foreach ($ARG_ARR as $CONSTANT)
{
define ($CONSTANT, ++$i);
}
}
}
// USAGE:
enum(ERR_USER_EXISTS, ERR_OLD_POST);
// etc. etc.
//*******************************************
?>
this can be used for error codes etc.
I deliberately skipped the 0 (zero) define, which could be useful for error checking.
mark at manngo dot net
24-Mar-2003 09:13
24-Mar-2003 09:13
You can also fake named arguments using eval:
<?php
function test()
{ foreach (func_get_args() as $k=>$arg) eval ("\$$arg;");
echo "$a plus $b gives ".($a+$b);
}
test("a=3","b=4");
?>
daveNO at ovumSPAMdesign dot com
18-Sep-2001 09:29
18-Sep-2001 09:29
<?php
// How to simulate named parameters in PHP.
// By Dave Benjamin <dave@ovumdesign.com>
// Turns the array returned by func_get_args() into an array of name/value
// pairs that can be processed by extract().
function varargs($args) {
$count = count($args);
for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i += 2) {
$result[$args[$i]] = $args[$i + 1];
}
return $result;
}
// Example
function test(&$ref1, &$ref2) {
// Default arguments go here.
$foo = "oof";
// Do some magic.
extract(varargs(func_get_args()));
echo nl2br("\n\$var1 = $var1");
echo nl2br("\n\$var2 = $var2");
echo nl2br("\n\$foo = $foo\n\n");
// Modify some variables that were passed by reference.
// Note that func_get_args() doesn't pass references, so they
// need to be explicitly declared in the function definition.
$ref1 = 42;
$ref2 = 84;
}
$a = 5;
$b = 6;
echo nl2br("Before calling test(): \$a = $a\n");
echo nl2br("Before calling test(): \$b = $b\n");
// Try removing the 'foo, "bar"' from the following line.
test($a, $b, var1, "abc", var2, "def", foo, "bar");
echo nl2br("After calling test(): \$a = $a\n");
echo nl2br("After calling test(): \$b = $b\n");
?>
04-Jun-2001 05:44
You can pass a variable number of arguments to a function whilst keeping references intact by using an array. The disadvantage of course, is that the called function needs to be aware that it's arguments are in an array.
<?php
// Prints "hello mutated world"
function mutator($args=null) {
$n=count($args);
while($i<$n) $args[$i++] = "mutated";
}
$a = "hello";
$b = "strange";
$c = "world";
mutator(array($a, &$b, $c));
echo "$a $b $c";
?>